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"/> 昏暗环境看手机更易近视_搜狐网

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昏暗环境看手机更易近视

保健时报
2026-03-14 12:03

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01

关灯看手机对眼睛伤害大

纽约州立大学视光学院研究人员发现，在昏暗光线下长时间、近距离聚焦电子屏，瞳孔会自然收缩，加上昏暗的室内灯光等因素，到达视网膜的光量就会减少，进而引发眼球变化，导致眼睛疲劳，增加近视风险。虽然明亮的户外环境和昏暗的室内环境都可能导致瞳孔收缩，但前者是为了保护眼睛，且允许充足的光线到达视网膜；后者则是为了让图像更清晰，因此到达视网膜的光线会更少，这对眼睛的伤害更大，也更容易导致近视。

研究人员认为，该结果有望显著改变科学家和临床医生对近视进展机制的理解，从而为开发更有效的近视防治措施提供重要理论支持。

此前，同济大学医学院上海市眼科医院的研究人员发表的研究就显示，长时间的屏幕接触会加速衰老，屏幕暴露时间每增加1小时，视网膜年龄加速衰老32天。为减轻对视网膜的不利影响并延缓衰老，应限制屏幕使用时间并避免睡前暴露于屏幕。

展开剩余 62 %

02

电子产品对儿童的伤害更显著

电子产品对儿童的危害更为显著。一项针对40多万青少年的全球研究表明，青少年每天的电子屏幕时间超过2小时会影响身心健康。研究发现，如果青少年的屏幕时间超过两个小时，他们会出现多种躯体上或心理上的不适症状。心理症状包括情绪低落、易怒、紧张和睡眠困难，而躯体症状包括头痛、腹痛、背痛和头晕。

一项针对4万多名2~17岁少年儿童的研究显示，每天平均观看1小时电子屏幕后，少年儿童的心理健康状况开始恶化。

美国儿童学会发布的科学声明建议：除了适当视频聊天外，不要让18个月以下的婴幼儿接触任何电子屏幕；不能把任何电子设备给儿童作为“安抚工具”；2~5岁儿童每天使用电子设备不得超过1小时，而且应选择适合亲子互动的高质量的游戏或视频；学龄儿童和青少年也应合理限制，其监护人也有必要遵守类似规定。

03

保护视力要注意远眺

那么，如何保护眼睛？首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院眼科中心主任王宁利曾建议，电子产品单次使用应控制在20分钟。屏幕不要把对比度调得太高、太亮，否则进入眼睛视网膜的亮度会超过我们所需要的生理阈值。要主动在阅读或工作的过程中眨眼。保护眼睛，望远是最重要的，一定要强制自己在用眼时每隔一段时间起身，看5米以外的物体10分钟。

另外，美国眼科学会提出七点来保护视力：1.戴墨镜，甚至在阴天。长期暴露在阳光下，会“刺”伤眼，增加白内障、黄斑变性等的罹患风险。2.常运动，经常规律运动可以预防一些严重眼病，比如年龄相关性黄斑变性和青光眼。3.戒烟，吸烟不仅会“熏坏”血管和肺，还会增加白内障和年龄相关性黄斑变性等眼病的罹患风险。4.工作和休闲时要注意护眼，每年都有人会因工作或运动而眼部受损，因此该戴护目镜就戴上。5.眼睛疲劳要提防：谨记“20-20-20”规则。电脑、手机、电视，每天这些屏幕都会牢牢地“抓住”很多人的眼睛，常常让人忘记眨眼，从而让眼睛疲劳。这个时候，要记住“20-20-20”规则，即每隔20分钟，视线从屏幕上移开，看向前方约6米处20秒。6.隐形眼镜护理要做好，如果睡觉、淋浴和游泳时戴隐形眼镜，会增加潜在的致盲性眼部感染风险。7.了解家族史，某些眼疾可以遗传。

记者|| 燕声

编辑 || 颜红波

审核 || 董超

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